Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗verb
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryTo violate rules in order to gain, or attempt to gain, advantage from a situation. · To be unfaithful to one's spouse or partner; to commit adultery, or to engage in sexual or romantic conduct with a person other than one's partner in contravention of the rules of society or agreement in the relationship. · To avoid a seemingly inevitable thing. · To deceive; to fool; to trick.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs Proto-Italic *eks Latin ex Latin ex- Proto-Indo-European *ḱad- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *ḱádeti Proto-Italic *kadō Latin cadĕre ▲ Classical Latin cadō Late Latin cadeo Vulgar Latin *excadēre Old French escheoir Old French escheoit Proto-Italic *-āzi ▲ Latin -ereinflu. Latin -āre Old French -er Old French escheoiterbor. Middle English achetan ▲ Old French escheoir Old French escheoit /escheoitebor. Middle English escheteder. Middle English acheteninflu. Middle English chete English cheat Verb from Middle English achetan, variant of escheten, from Old French escheat, past participle of escheoir, escheoiter, from Late Latin *excadēre (“fall away, fall out”), from (Latin) ex- + cadere (“fall”). Displaced native Old English beswīcan. Noun from verb and/or Middle English chete, aphetic form of achete, escheat, eschete (“the reversion of property to the state”), from Anglo-Norman eschete and Old French eschet, escheit, escheoit (“that which falls to one”), past participle of escheoir (“to fall”) (modern French échoir), from Late Latin *excadēre (“fall away, fall out”), from (Latin) ex- + cadere (“fall”). Doublet of escheat.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:escheten<alt:achetan>",
"4": "enm:achete<alt:chete>",
"id": "violate",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱad-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *ḱádeti\nProto-Italic *kadō\nLatin cadĕre\n▲\nClassical Latin cadō\nLate Latin cadeo\nVulgar Latin *excadēre\nOld French escheoir\nOld French escheoit\nProto-Italic *-āzi\n▲\nLatin -ereinflu.\nLatin -āre\nOld French -er\nOld French escheoiterbor.\nMiddle English achetan\n▲\nOld French escheoir\nOld French escheoit /escheoitebor.\nMiddle English escheteder.\nMiddle English acheteninflu.\nMiddle English chete\nEnglish cheat\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*eks\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"cadĕre\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fall\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*ḱádeti\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fall\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱad-\", \"gloss\" : \"to fall\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kadō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cado\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*kadō<id:fall><ref:<span class=\\\"citation-whole\\\"><span class=\\\"cited-source\\\">De Vaan, Michiel (<span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">2008<\\/span>), “<span class=\\\"Latn\\\" lang=\\\"la\\\">cadō, -ere<\\/span>”, in <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages<\\/cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN<\\/small>, [https:\\/\\/www.google.com\\/books\\/edition\\/Etymological_Dictionary_of_Latin_and_the\\/ecZ1DwAAQBAJ?gbpv=1&pg=PA78 pages <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">78–79<\\/span>]<\\/span><\\/span><<name:EDL>>>\", \"id\" : \"fall\", \"text\" : \"++\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Classical Latin\", \"term\" : \"cadō\", \"lang\" : \"la-cla\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"cadeo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*excadēre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"escheoir\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"escheoit\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzi\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"escheoiter\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"escheten\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }, { \"alt\" : \"chete\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : [ \"fro\", \":inh\", \"la-vul:*excadēre\" ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"escheoir\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"escheoit\\/\\/escheoite\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"eschete\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"acheten\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"achete\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cheat\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"violate\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cheat\" id=\"English:_violate\">"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "achetan"
},
"expansion": "Middle English achetan"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "escheat"
},
"expansion": "Old French escheat"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "*excadēre",
"4": "",
"5": "fall away, fall out"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin *excadēre (“fall away, fall out”)"
},
{
"name": "prefix",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ex-",
"3": "cadō",
"l": "Latin",
"alt2": "cadere",
"t2": "fall",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "(Latin) ex- + cadere (“fall”)"
},
{
"name": "ncog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beswīcan"
},
"expansion": "Old English beswīcan"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "chete"
},
"expansion": "Middle English chete"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "eschete"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman eschete"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "eschet"
},
"expansion": "Old French eschet"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "échoir"
},
"expansion": "French échoir"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "*excadēre",
"4": "",
"5": "fall away, fall out"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin *excadēre (“fall away, fall out”)"
},
{
"name": "prefix",
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ex-",
"3": "cadō",
"l": "Latin",
"alt2": "cadere",
"t2": "fall",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "(Latin) ex- + cadere (“fall”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "escheat"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of escheat"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:escheten<alt:achetan>",
"4": "enm:achete<alt:chete>",
"id": "violate",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nProto-Indo-European *ḱad-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *ḱádeti\nProto-Italic *kadō\nLatin cadĕre\n▲\nClassical Latin cadō\nLate Latin cadeo\nVulgar Latin *excadēre\nOld French escheoir\nOld French escheoit\nProto-Italic *-āzi\n▲\nLatin -ereinflu.\nLatin -āre\nOld French -er\nOld French escheoiterbor.\nMiddle English achetan\n▲\nOld French escheoir\nOld French escheoit /escheoitebor.\nMiddle English escheteder.\nMiddle English acheteninflu.\nMiddle English chete\nEnglish cheat"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₁éǵʰ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁éǵʰ"
],
[
"*-s",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-s#Proto-Indo-European:_adverbial"
],
[
"*h₁éǵʰs",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁éǵʰs"
],
[
"*eks",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/eks"
],
[
"ex",
"ex#Latin:_out"
],
[
"ex-",
"ex-#Latin"
],
[
"*ḱad-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱad-#Proto-Indo-European:_fall"
],
[
"*-eti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eti"
],
[
"*kadō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kadō#Proto-Italic:_fall"
],
[
"cadĕre",
"cado#Latin"
],
[
"cadō",
"cado#Latin"
],
[
"cadeo",
"cadeo#Latin"
],
[
"*excadēre",
"Reconstruction:Latin/excadere"
],
[
"escheoir",
"escheoir#Old_French"
],
[
"escheoit",
"escheoit#Old_French"
],
[
"*-āzi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āzi#Proto-Italic:_verb_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Latin:_verb_suffix"
],
[
"-āre",
"-are#Latin:_verb_suffix"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Old_French"
],
[
"escheoiter",
"escheoiter#Old_French"
],
[
"achetan",
"escheten#Middle_English"
],
[
"escheoir",
"escheoir#Old_French"
],
[
"escheoit",
"escheoit#Old_French"
],
[
"escheoite",
"escheoite#Old_French"
],
[
"eschete",
"eschete#Middle_English"
],
[
"acheten",
"acheten#Middle_English"
],
[
"chete",
"achete#Middle_English"
],
[
"achetan",
"achetan#Middle_English"
],
[
"escheten",
"escheten#Middle_English"
],
[
"escheat",
"escheat#Old_French"
],
[
"escheoir",
"escheoir#Old_French"
],
[
"escheoiter",
"escheoiter#Old_French"
],
[
"*excadēre",
"Reconstruction:Latin/excadere"
],
[
"ex-",
"ex-#Latin"
],
[
"cadere",
"cado#Latin"
],
[
"beswīcan",
"beswican#Old_English"
],
[
"chete",
"chete#Middle_English"
],
[
"achete",
"achete#Middle_English"
],
[
"escheat",
"escheat#Middle_English"
],
[
"eschete",
"eschete#Middle_English"
],
[
"eschete",
"eschete#Old_French"
],
[
"eschet",
"eschet#Old_French"
],
[
"escheit",
"escheit#Old_French"
],
[
"escheoit",
"escheoit#Old_French"
],
[
"escheoir",
"escheoir#Old_French"
],
[
"échoir",
"échoir#French"
],
[
"*excadēre",
"Reconstruction:Latin/excadere"
],
[
"ex-",
"ex-#Latin"
],
[
"cadere",
"cado#Latin"
],
[
"escheat",
"escheat#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To violate rules in order to gain, or attempt to gain, advantage from a situation.",
"To be unfaithful to one's spouse or partner; to commit adultery, or to engage in sexual or romantic conduct with a person other than one's partner in contravention of the rules of society or agreement in the relationship.",
"To avoid a seemingly inevitable thing.",
"To deceive; to fool; to trick."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
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"sourceRecordOrdinal": 209654
}
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