Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗verb
To cut. · To cut meat in order to serve it. · To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices. · To perform a series of turns without pivoting, so that the tip and tail of the snowboard take the same path.
noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA carucate. · The act of carving
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *kerbaną Proto-West Germanic *kerban Old English ċeorfan Middle English kerven English carve From Middle English kerven, from Old English ceorfan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”). Cognate with West Frisian kerve, Dutch kerven, Low German karven, German kerben (“to notch”); also Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*gerbʰ-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionkervenenm
- Inherited-form mentionceorfanang
- Inherited-form mention*kerbangmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*kerbanągem-pro
- Derivation mention*gerbʰ-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionkervefy
- Cognate mentionkervennl
- Cognate mentionkarvennds
- Cognate mentionkerbende · to notch
- Cognate mentiongīrbinprg
- Cognate mentionжрѣбииcu
- Cognate mentionγράφεινgrc
This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
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{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:kerven",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-der.\nProto-Germanic *kerbaną\nProto-West Germanic *kerban\nOld English ċeorfan\nMiddle English kerven\nEnglish carve\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gerbʰ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kerbaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kerban\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ċeorfan\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"kerven\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"carve\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"carve\">"
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"3": "*gerbʰ-"
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{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kerven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kerven"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ceorfan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ceorfan"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gerbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to scratch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kerve"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian kerve"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kerven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kerven"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "karven"
},
"expansion": "Low German karven"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kerben",
"t": "to notch"
},
"expansion": "German kerben (“to notch”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "gīrbin",
"3": "",
"4": "number"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "жрѣбии",
"3": "",
"4": "lot, tallymark"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γράφειν",
"3": "",
"4": "to scratch, etch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)"
},
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-der.\nProto-Germanic *kerbaną\nProto-West Germanic *kerban\nOld English ċeorfan\nMiddle English kerven\nEnglish carve"
}
],
"links": [
[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gerbʰ-"
],
[
"*kerbaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kerbaną"
],
[
"*kerban",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kerban"
],
[
"ċeorfan",
"ceorfan#Old_English"
],
[
"kerven",
"kerven#Middle_English"
],
[
"kerven",
"kerven#Middle_English"
],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"kerve",
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],
[
"kerven",
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],
[
"karven",
"karven#Low_German"
],
[
"kerben",
"kerben#German"
],
[
"gīrbin",
"gīrbin#Old_Prussian"
],
[
"жрѣбии",
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],
[
"γράφειν",
"γράφειν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To cut.",
"To cut meat in order to serve it.",
"To shape to sculptural effect; to produce (a work) by cutting, or to cut (a material) into a finished work, especially with cuts that are curved rather than only straight slices.",
"To perform a series of turns without pivoting, so that the tip and tail of the snowboard take the same path."
],
"tags": [
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{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A carucate.",
"The act of carving"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
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