*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of canal

Borrowed from Middle French canal, from Old French canal, from Latin canālis (“channel, canal, narrow passage”), from canna (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”). Doubl

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2

Original entry ↗
noun

An artificial waterway or artificially improved river used for travel, shipping, or irrigation. · A tubular channel within the body or within a plant. · One of the faint, hazy markings resembling straight lines on early telescopic images of the surface of Mars; see Martian canals

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Borrowed from Middle French canal, from Old French canal, from Latin canālis (“channel, canal, narrow passage”), from canna (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”). Doublet of channel. See also cane and -al.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canal"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French canal"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "canal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French canal"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "canālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "channel, canal, narrow passage"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin canālis (“channel, canal, narrow passage”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "κάννα",
        "4": "",
        "5": "reed"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "akk",
        "3": "𒄀",
        "4": "",
        "5": "reed",
        "tr": "qanû"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "channel"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of channel"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "canal",
      "canal#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "canal",
      "canal#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "canālis",
      "canalis#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "canna",
      "canna#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "κάννα",
      "κάννα#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "𒄀",
      "𒄀#Akkadian"
    ],
    [
      "channel",
      "channel#English"
    ],
    [
      "cane",
      "cane"
    ],
    [
      "-al",
      "-al"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "canàl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "An artificial waterway or artificially improved river used for travel, shipping, or irrigation.",
        "A tubular channel within the body or within a plant.",
        "One of the faint, hazy markings resembling straight lines on early telescopic images of the surface of Mars; see Martian canals"
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "bc222afe26e49d024565396235f3c1cc01c0b1f5e51f3d0143422cc13391aa93",
      "rawRecordSha256": "ec053f59922d096fdb1900d2b8e07c5e1d5e4e328e3edc5658f7973ec02b712d",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 32293
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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    "lexicalSenses": 0,
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  }
}

Unnumbered source etymology · variant 2/2

Original entry ↗
verb

To dig an artificial waterway in or to (a place), especially for drainage · To travel along a canal by boat

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Borrowed from Middle French canal, from Old French canal, from Latin canālis (“channel, canal, narrow passage”), from canna (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”). Doublet of channel. See also cane and -al.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "bor",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canal"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French canal"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "canal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French canal"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "canālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "channel, canal, narrow passage"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin canālis (“channel, canal, narrow passage”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "κάννα",
        "4": "",
        "5": "reed"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "akk",
        "3": "𒄀",
        "4": "",
        "5": "reed",
        "tr": "qanû"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "channel"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of channel"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "canal",
      "canal#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "canal",
      "canal#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "canālis",
      "canalis#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "canna",
      "canna#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "κάννα",
      "κάννα#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "𒄀",
      "𒄀#Akkadian"
    ],
    [
      "channel",
      "channel#English"
    ],
    [
      "cane",
      "cane"
    ],
    [
      "-al",
      "-al"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To dig an artificial waterway in or to (a place), especially for drainage",
        "To travel along a canal by boat"
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "3befdd14bb62a188493df3d51c6b26b787a629c3ac1bd128b3c2f073019b19a1",
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}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for canal →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Y2FuYWw