Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/3
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA wheeled vehicle, generally pulled by a horse. · A passenger car, either drawn by a locomotive or part of a multiple unit. · A trainer or instructor. · A long-distance, or privately hired, bus.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō Latin *quoquō Latin coquō Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Italic *-os Archaic Latin -os Latin -us Late Latin coquusbor. Proto-West Germanic *kok Old High German choch Middle High German koch German Kochbor. Hungarian Koch Hungarian Kocs Hungarian kocsibor. German Kutschebor. Middle French cochebor. English coach Borrowed from Middle French coche, from German Kutsche, from Hungarian kocsi. According to historians, the coach was named after the small Hungarian town of Kocs, which made a livelihood from cart building and transport between Vienna and Budapest. The meaning “instructor/trainer” is from Oxford University slang (c. 1830) for a “tutor” who “carries” one through an exam; the athletic sense is from 1861.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 3 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
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{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "frm:coche<ety:bor<de:Kutsche>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pekʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *pékʷeti\nProto-Italic *kʷekʷō\nLatin *quoquō\nLatin coquō\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *-os\nArchaic Latin -os\nLatin -us\nLate Latin coquusbor.\nProto-West Germanic *kok\nOld High German choch\nMiddle High German koch\nGerman Kochbor.\nHungarian Koch\nHungarian Kocs\nHungarian kocsibor.\nGerman Kutschebor.\nMiddle French cochebor.\nEnglish coach\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cook\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to cook\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*quoquō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to cook\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to be cooking\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cook\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pekʷ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"thematic present\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : 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\"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Archaic Latin\", \"term\" : \"-os\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ala\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"coquus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kok\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : 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{
"name": "bor",
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Middle French coche"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kutsche"
},
"expansion": "German Kutsche"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hu",
"3": "kocsi"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian kocsi"
},
{
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "frm:coche<ety:bor<de:Kutsche>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pekʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *pékʷeti\nProto-Italic *kʷekʷō\nLatin *quoquō\nLatin coquō\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Italic *-os\nArchaic Latin -os\nLatin -us\nLate Latin coquusbor.\nProto-West Germanic *kok\nOld High German choch\nMiddle High German koch\nGerman Kochbor.\nHungarian Koch\nHungarian Kocs\nHungarian kocsibor.\nGerman Kutschebor.\nMiddle French cochebor.\nEnglish coach"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*pekʷ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pekʷ-#Proto-Indo-European:_cook"
],
[
"*-eti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eti#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic_present"
],
[
"*pékʷeti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pékʷeti#Proto-Indo-European:_to_be_cooking"
],
[
"*kʷekʷō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kʷekʷō#Proto-Italic:_to_cook"
],
[
"coquō",
"coquo#Latin:_to_cook"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_possessive"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_possessive"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_o-grade"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_e-grade"
],
[
"*-ós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ós#Proto-Indo-European:_vrddhi"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_thematic"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-os"
],
[
"-os",
"-os#Latin:_second_declension_suffix"
],
[
"-us",
"-us#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"coquus",
"coquus#Latin"
],
[
"*kok",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kok"
],
[
"choch",
"choch#Old_High_German"
],
[
"koch",
"koch#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"Koch",
"Koch#German:_cook"
],
[
"Koch",
"Koch#Hungarian"
],
[
"Kocs",
"Kocs#Hungarian"
],
[
"kocsi",
"kocsi#Hungarian"
],
[
"Kutsche",
"Kutsche#German"
],
[
"coche",
"coche#Middle_French"
],
[
"coche",
"coche#Middle_French"
],
[
"Kutsche",
"Kutsche#German"
],
[
"kocsi",
"kocsi#Hungarian"
],
[
"Kocs",
"Kocs#Hungarian"
],
[
"cart",
"cart"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "kouč",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "コーチ",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kōchi"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "코치",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kochi"
},
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"word": "koc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"word": "kocha",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "coach",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"word": "โค้ช",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kóot"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "koç",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A wheeled vehicle, generally pulled by a horse.",
"A passenger car, either drawn by a locomotive or part of a multiple unit.",
"A trainer or instructor.",
"A long-distance, or privately hired, bus."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"UK"
],
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