Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗Sometimes followed by up: to force (something) out of the lungs or throat by pushing air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth. · To cause (oneself or something) to be in a certain condition in the manner described in etymology 1 sense 1.1. · To express (words, etc.) in the manner described in etymology 1 sense 1.1. · To surrender (information); to confess.
From Middle English coughen, coghen (“to cough; to vomit”) [and other forms], from Old English *cohhian (compare Old English cohhetan (“to bluster; to riot; to cough (?)”)), from Proto-West Germanic *kuh- (“to cough”), ultimately of onomatopoeic origin. Cognates * Middle Dutch cuchen (“to cough”) (modern Dutch kuchen (“to cough”); German Low German kuchen (“to cough”)) * Middle High German kûchen (“to breathe (on); to exhale”), kîchen (“to breathe with difficulty”) (modern German keichen, keuchen (“to breathe with difficulty; to gasp, pant”)) * Spanish cof (“coughing sound”) * West Frisian kiche (“to cough”), kochelje (“to cough persistently”)
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Inherited-form mentioncoughenenm
- Inherited-form mention*cohhianang
- Cognate mentioncohhetanang · to bluster; to riot; to cough (?)
- Derivation mention*kuh-gmw-pro · to cough
- Cognate mentioncuchendum · to cough
- Cognate mentionkuchennl · to cough
- Cognate mentionkûchengmh · to breathe (on); to exhale
- Cognate mentionkeichende
- Cognate mentioncofes · coughing sound
- Cognate mentionkichefy · to cough
This page abbreviates 4 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "coughen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English coughen"
},
{
"name": "nb...",
"args": {
"1": "coghe, couhen, couwhen, couwe, couwen, couȝen, couȝhen, couȝtthe, couȝwen, coȝen, cowen, cowff, cowghen, cowhen, cowȝen, koghe, kouȝen, kowen",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*cohhian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *cohhian"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cohhetan",
"t": "to bluster; to riot; to cough (?)"
},
"expansion": "Old English cohhetan (“to bluster; to riot; to cough (?)”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kuh-",
"t": "to cough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kuh- (“to cough”)"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "onomatopoeic"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cog"
},
"expansion": "Cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cuchen",
"t": "to cough"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cuchen (“to cough”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kuchen",
"t": "to cough"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kuchen (“to cough”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "kuchen",
"t": "to cough"
},
"expansion": "German Low German kuchen (“to cough”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kûchen",
"t": "to breathe (on); to exhale"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German kûchen (“to breathe (on); to exhale”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "keichen"
},
"expansion": "German keichen"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cof",
"t": "coughing sound"
},
"expansion": "Spanish cof (“coughing sound”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kiche",
"t": "to cough"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian kiche (“to cough”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"coughen",
"coughen#Middle_English"
],
[
"coghen",
"coghen#Middle_English"
],
[
"*cohhian",
"Reconstruction:Old English/cohhian"
],
[
"cohhetan",
"cohhetan#Old_English"
],
[
"*kuh-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kuh-"
],
[
"cuchen",
"cuchen#Middle_Dutch"
],
[
"kuchen",
"kuchen#Dutch"
],
[
"kuchen",
"kuchen#Low_German"
],
[
"kûchen",
"kuchen#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"kîchen",
"kichen#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"keichen",
"keichen#German"
],
[
"keuchen",
"keuchen#German"
],
[
"cof",
"cof#Spanish"
],
[
"kiche",
"kiche#West_Frisian"
],
[
"kochelje",
"kochelje#West_Frisian"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"Sometimes followed by up: to force (something) out of the lungs or throat by pushing air from the lungs through the glottis (causing a short, explosive sound), and out through the mouth.",
"To cause (oneself or something) to be in a certain condition in the manner described in etymology 1 sense 1.1.",
"To express (words, etc.) in the manner described in etymology 1 sense 1.1.",
"To surrender (information); to confess."
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"figuratively"
],
"recordId": "0e9331770ba4dbc9e549788eecc92fdf78421ebac5d808bdb805f3426fc16ce4",
"rawRecordSha256": "e8e8489e4493604e6eebae19ac6f792e9150a009779cc0b69771bcf58c54cea4",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 33138
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 4,
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}