*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of S/F

From S/F ratio. Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per-der. Ancient Greek περί (perí) Ancient Greek περῐ- (perĭ-) Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti Proto-Hellenic *pʰérō A

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

Ellipsis of S/F ratio.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From S/F ratio. Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *per-der. Ancient Greek περί (perí) Ancient Greek περῐ- (perĭ-) Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti Proto-Hellenic *pʰérō Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō) Ancient Greek περιφέρω (periphérō) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ēs Proto-Hellenic *-ēs Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs) Ancient Greek -ής (-ḗs) Ancient Greek περιφερής (peripherḗs) Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂der. Ancient Greek -ια (-ia) Ancient Greek περιφέρεια (periphéreia)bor. Latin peripherialbor. Middle French peripheriebor. English peripher(y) Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālislbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor. Middle English -al English -al English peripheral Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-der.? Ancient Greek ὀξύς (oxús) Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os Proto-Hellenic *génos Ancient Greek γένος (génos) French oxygènebor. English oxygen Late Latin saturatiobor. English saturation English peripheral oxygen saturation English SpO2 Old French fraccionbor. Middle English fraccioun English fraction Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Germanic *ab Proto-West Germanic *ab Old English æf Old English of Middle English of English of English inspired ▲ English oxygen English FiO2 English ratio English SpO2/FiO2 ratio English S/F ratio English S/F

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "2": "S/F ratio<id:SpO2/FiO2 ratio>",
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nAncient Greek περί (perí)\nAncient Greek περῐ- (perĭ-)\nProto-Indo-European *bʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰéreti\nProto-Hellenic *pʰérō\nAncient Greek φέρω (phérō)\nAncient Greek περιφέρω (periphérō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nProto-Hellenic *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -ής (-ḗs)\nAncient Greek περιφερής (peripherḗs)\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ih₂der.\nAncient Greek -ια (-ia)\nAncient Greek περιφέρεια (periphéreia)bor.\nLatin peripherialbor.\nMiddle French peripheriebor.\nEnglish peripher(y)\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish peripheral\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-der.?\nAncient Greek ὀξύς 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} ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"peripheral\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"O2\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"oxygen\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"sharp\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"sharp\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂eḱ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"ὀξύς\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"family\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*génos\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"γένος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"oxygène\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"oxygen\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"fullness\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fullness\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"saturatio\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"saturation\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"peripheral oxygen saturation\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"SpO2\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"fraction of inspired oxygen\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"part\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fracture\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"fraction\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"fraccion\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"fraccioun\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"fraction\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"preposition\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"preposition\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"preposition\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"of\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"of\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"away\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ep\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂epó\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ab\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*ab\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"æf\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"of\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"of\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"of\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"inspired\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"O2\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"en\", \"2\" : \":bor\", \"3\" : \"fr:oxygène<id:oxygen>\", \"id\" : \"O2\", \"tree\" : \"1\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"oxygen\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"FiO2\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"relative magnitude\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ratio\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"SpO2\\/FiO2 ratio\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"S\\/F ratio\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"S\\/F\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"S/F ratio\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"S/F\" id=\"English:_S/F_ratio\">"
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    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "S/F ratio<id:SpO2/FiO2 ratio>",
        "id": "S/F ratio",
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *per-der.\nAncient Greek περί (perí)\nAncient Greek περῐ- (perĭ-)\nProto-Indo-European *bʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-eti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰéreti\nProto-Hellenic *pʰérō\nAncient Greek φέρω (phérō)\nAncient Greek περιφέρω (periphérō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ēs\nProto-Hellenic *-ēs\nAncient Greek -ης (-ēs)\nAncient Greek -ής (-ḗs)\nAncient Greek περιφερής (peripherḗs)\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-ih₂der.\nAncient Greek -ια (-ia)\nAncient Greek περιφέρεια (periphéreia)bor.\nLatin peripherialbor.\nMiddle French peripheriebor.\nEnglish peripher(y)\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish peripheral\nProto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-der.?\nAncient Greek ὀξύς (oxús)\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Hellenic *génos\nAncient Greek γένος (génos)\nFrench oxygènebor.\nEnglish oxygen\nLate Latin saturatiobor.\nEnglish saturation\nEnglish peripheral oxygen saturation\nEnglish SpO2\nOld French fraccionbor.\nMiddle English fraccioun\nEnglish fraction\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ep\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *h₂epó\nProto-Germanic *ab\nProto-West Germanic *ab\nOld English æf\nOld English of\nMiddle English of\nEnglish of\nEnglish inspired\n▲\nEnglish oxygen\nEnglish FiO2\nEnglish ratio\nEnglish SpO2/FiO2 ratio\nEnglish S/F ratio\nEnglish S/F"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "S/F ratio",
      "S/F ratio#English"
    ],
    [
      "*per-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/per-#Proto-Indo-European:_before"
    ],
    [
      "περί",
      "περί#Ancient_Greek:_around"
    ],
    [
      "περῐ-",
      "περι-#Ancient_Greek:_around"
    ],
    [
      "*bʰer-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰer-#Proto-Indo-European:_bear"
    ],
    [
      "*-eti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eti"
    ],
    [
      "*bʰéreti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰéreti#Proto-Indo-European:_to_be_carrying"
    ],
    [
      "*pʰérō",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/pʰérō#Proto-Hellenic:_bear"
    ],
    [
      "φέρω",
      "φέρω#Ancient_Greek:_carry"
    ],
    [
      "περιφέρω",
      "περιφέρω#Ancient_Greek:_carry_around"
    ],
    [
      "*-os",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
    ],
    [
      "*-ēs",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ēs#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectival_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "-ης",
      "-ης#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "-ής",
      "-ής#Ancient_Greek"
    ],
    [
      "περιφερής",
      "περιφερής#Ancient_Greek:_circular"
    ],
    [
      "*-is",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
    ],
    [
      "*-h₂",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-h₂"
    ],
    [
      "*-ih₂",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-ih₂#Proto-Indo-European:_feminine_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "-ια",
      "-ια#Ancient_Greek:_feminine_nouns"
    ],
    [
      "περιφέρεια",
      "περιφέρεια#Ancient_Greek:_periphery"
    ],
    [
      "peripheria",
      "peripheria#Latin:_periphery"
    ],
    [
      "peripherie",
      "peripherie#Middle_French:_periphery"
    ],
    [
      "peripher(y)",
      "periphery#English:_boundary"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂el-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
    ],
    [
      "*-is",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
    ],
    [
      "*-ālis",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
    ],
    [
      "-ālis",
      "-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "-al",
      "-al#Old_French:_forming_adjectives"
    ],
    [
      "-ālis",
      "-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "-el",
      "-el#Old_French:_adjective"
    ],
    [
      "-ālis",
      "-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "-al",
      "-al#Middle_English:_adjectival_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "-al",
      "-al#English:_adjectival_suffix"
    ],
    [
      "peripheral",
      "peripheral#English:_periphery"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂eḱ-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eḱ-#Proto-Indo-European:_sharp"
    ],
    [
      "ὀξύς",
      "ὀξύς#Ancient_Greek:_sharp"
    ],
    [
      "*ǵenh₁-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵenh₁-"
    ],
    [
      "*-os",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
    ],
    [
      "*ǵénh₁os",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵénh₁os#Proto-Indo-European:_race"
    ],
    [
      "*génos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/génos#Proto-Hellenic:_family"
    ],
    [
      "γένος",
      "γένος#Ancient_Greek:_race"
    ],
    [
      "oxygène",
      "oxygène#French:_oxygen"
    ],
    [
      "oxygen",
      "oxygen#English:_O2"
    ],
    [
      "saturatio",
      "saturatio#Latin:_fullness"
    ],
    [
      "saturation",
      "saturation#English:_fullness"
    ],
    [
      "peripheral oxygen saturation",
      "peripheral oxygen saturation#English:_estimation_of_oxygen_saturation"
    ],
    [
      "SpO2",
      "SpO2#English:_peripheral_oxygen_saturation"
    ],
    [
      "fraccion",
      "fraccion#Old_French:_fraction"
    ],
    [
      "fraccioun",
      "fraccioun#Middle_English:_fracture"
    ],
    [
      "fraction",
      "fraction#English:_part"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂ep",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep"
    ],
    [
      "*-o",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-o"
    ],
    [
      "*h₂epó",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂epó#Proto-Indo-European:_away"
    ],
    [
      "*ab",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ab"
    ],
    [
      "*ab",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ab#Proto-West_Germanic:_of"
    ],
    [
      "æf",
      "æf#Old_English:_of"
    ],
    [
      "of",
      "of#Old_English:_preposition"
    ],
    [
      "of",
      "of#Middle_English:_preposition"
    ],
    [
      "of",
      "of#English:_preposition"
    ],
    [
      "inspired",
      "inspired#English"
    ],
    [
      "oxygen",
      "oxygen#English:_O2"
    ],
    [
      "FiO2",
      "FiO2#English:_fraction_of_inspired_oxygen"
    ],
    [
      "ratio",
      "ratio#English:_relative_magnitude"
    ],
    [
      "SpO2/FiO2 ratio",
      "SpO2/FiO2 ratio#English:_measurement_for_lung_function"
    ],
    [
      "S/F ratio",
      "S/F ratio#English:_SpO2/FiO2_ratio"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of S/F ratio."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ],
      "recordId": "dc22e98a1983338cec987b7561cdac9db9739a9170f2a503d5787ad84e6aff36",
      "rawRecordSha256": "df738e95b8a865524b1a7c10b750108b34d6dc40c9cc6c9e56c3a7062569280d",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 8499312
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for S/F →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Uy9G