Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗noun
A member of an ethnic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is one that is Gaelic.
name
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA male given name.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *dwi- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- Proto-Celtic *weidus Proto-Celtic *weidelos Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor. Old Irish Goídel Irish Gaelbor. English Gael Borrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)). Doublet of Goidel. False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia. Medieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*h₁weydʰh₁-ine-pro
- Borrowed-form mentionGaelga
- Derivation mentionGaídelmga
- Derivation mentionGoídelsga
- Derivation mentionGuoidelowl
- Derivation mention*Guɨðelcel-bry-pro
- Derivation mention*weideloscel-pro
- Derivation mention*h₁weydʰh₁-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionwāþang
- Doublet mentionGoidelen
- Cognate mentionGaul,Galliaen
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ga:Gael",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁weydʰh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidelos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*Guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Irish\", \"term\" : \"Goídel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sga\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Irish\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ga\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Gael\">"
},
{
"name": "bor",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "Gael"
},
"expansion": "Irish Gael"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mga",
"3": "Gaídel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish Gaídel"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Goídel",
"4": "",
"5": "Irishman"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "owl",
"3": "Guoidel",
"4": "",
"5": "wild man, warrior"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*Guɨðel",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*weidelos",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "wood, wilderness"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wāþ",
"3": "",
"4": "hunt"
},
"expansion": "Old English wāþ (“hunt”)"
},
{
"name": "ref",
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Matasović, Ranko (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2009), <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 408</span></span>"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Goidel"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Goidel"
},
{
"name": "glossary",
"args": {
"1": "False cognate"
},
"expansion": "False cognate"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": "",
"id": "",
"sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "English Gaul, Gallia"
},
{
"name": "false cognate",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia"
},
"expansion": "False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia"
},
{
"name": "ety",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ga:Gael",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/guɨðel"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gaol",
"Gaol#Irish"
],
[
"Gaoidheal",
"Gaoidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gàidheal",
"Gàidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gaídel",
"Gaídel#Middle_Irish"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Guoidel",
"Guoidel#Old_Welsh"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"wāþ",
"waþ#Old_English"
],
[
"Goidel",
"Goidel#English"
],
[
"Gaul",
"Gaul#English"
],
[
"Gallia",
"Gallia#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A member of an ethnic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is one that is Gaelic."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "2cb31be983057ba1579f08ee778352ede68b552b7f028b8a6b74075407e56563",
"rawRecordSha256": "d9d9cd969b5d63ab28c31f97419c8effd837b4b900cf74d603f75614585ad59e",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 407829
},
{
"pos": "name",
"glosses": [
"A male given name."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "b890a60d353d815749d82a657749671b7d7a336328fc1b815fcccebc15185ce9",
"rawRecordSha256": "6fc9da6005a5ecf4aee589eb5c4e3e72660698c87dbffa7a4112685240afc72a",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 407830
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}