*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of -ster

Etymology tree Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā Old English -estre Middle English -estere English -ster From Middle English -estere, -ester, from Old English -estre (“-ster”, feminine agent suffix), from Proto-West Germanic

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
suffix

Someone who is, or who is associated with, or who does something specified. · A diminutive appended to a person's name.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā Old English -estre Middle English -estere English -ster From Middle English -estere, -ester, from Old English -estre (“-ster”, feminine agent suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā, of disputed origin. Cognate with Middle Low German -ester, Dutch -ster.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-estere",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Germanic *-astrijā\nOld English -estre\nMiddle English -estere\nEnglish -ster\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-estre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-estere\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ster\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ster\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-estere"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -estere"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-estre",
        "t": "-ster",
        "pos": "feminine agent suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -estre (“-ster”, feminine agent suffix)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-astrijā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "-ester"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German -ester"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-ster"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -ster"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-estere",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Germanic *-astrijā\nOld English -estre\nMiddle English -estere\nEnglish -ster"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*-astrijā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-astrijā"
    ],
    [
      "-estre",
      "-estre#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "-estere",
      "-estere#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-estere",
      "-estere#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-ester",
      "-ester#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-estre",
      "-estre#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*-astrijā",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-astrijā"
    ],
    [
      "-ester",
      "-ester#Middle_Low_German"
    ],
    [
      "-ster",
      "-ster#Dutch"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "suffix",
      "glosses": [
        "Someone who is, or who is associated with, or who does something specified.",
        "A diminutive appended to a person's name."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "humorous",
        "offensive",
        "sometimes"
      ],
      "recordId": "f568472a7716059b84402f780c4e468c0a90cd443622e7ea2322575f36737e19",
      "rawRecordSha256": "a6113117e038ba9379d5a6e24092854a89e49a137a7466e923e4c8611255cb87",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 458075
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for -ster →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-LXN0ZXI