*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of -s-

From Middle English -s, -es, from Old English -es (“-'s”, masculine and neuter genitive singular ending), which survives in many old compounds. In more recent coinage, from contraction of the derived clitic -'s in compou

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
interfix

Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds, equivalent to the possessive clitic -'s.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English -s, -es, from Old English -es (“-'s”, masculine and neuter genitive singular ending), which survives in many old compounds. In more recent coinage, from contraction of the derived clitic -'s in compounds. For more, see -'s.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mention-s, -esenm
  • Inherited-form mention-esang
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-s, -es"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -s, -es"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-es",
        "4": "",
        "5": "-'s",
        "pos": "masculine and neuter genitive singular ending"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -es (“-'s”, masculine and neuter genitive singular ending)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "-s",
      "-s#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-es",
      "-es#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-es",
      "-es#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "-'s",
      "-'s#English"
    ],
    [
      "-'s",
      "-'s#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "interfix",
      "glosses": [
        "Genitival interfix used to link elements in some compounds, equivalent to the possessive clitic -'s."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "recordId": "d39c95a2fbd66e09bd32c8628b26413132a44cff912084e78860c4c5a78f8963",
      "rawRecordSha256": "3b0844fb7d6674109eac1286c8296943a947ba21876f914e3ce897a13ee11814",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 1950092
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for -s- →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-LXMt