*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of -like

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *leyg-der. Proto-Germanic *līkąder. Proto-Germanic *-līkaz Proto-West Germanic *-līk Old English -līċ Middle English -like English -like From Middle English -like, -lik, from Middle Eng

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
suffix

Resembling, having some of the characteristics of (used to form adjectives from nouns). · Used to form adverbs from adjectives or nouns; alternative of -ly. · Used to form genres out of existing games through the process of analogy.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *leyg-der. Proto-Germanic *līkąder. Proto-Germanic *-līkaz Proto-West Germanic *-līk Old English -līċ Middle English -like English -like From Middle English -like, -lik, from Middle English like, lik (“same, similar, alike”), from Old English ġelīc and Old Norse líkr (“same, similar, alike”). Reinforced by like (preposition). Doublet of -ly. Compare also Dutch -lijk (“-ly, -like”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*leyg-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mention-likeenm
  • Derivation mentionlikeenm
  • Derivation mentionġelīcang
  • Derivation mentionlíkrnon · same, similar, alike
  • Doublet mention-lyen
  • Cognate mention-lijknl
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-like<id:adjectival><ety:inh<ang:-līċ>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *leyg-der.\nProto-Germanic *līkąder.\nProto-Germanic *-līkaz\nProto-West Germanic *-līk\nOld English -līċ\nMiddle English -like\nEnglish -like\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"like\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*leyg-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*līką\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-līċ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-like\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-like\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-like\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leyg-",
        "id": "like"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-like"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -like"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "like"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English like"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ġelīc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ġelīc"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "líkr",
        "t": "same, similar, alike"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse líkr (“same, similar, alike”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "doublet",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-ly"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of -ly"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-lijk",
        "3": "",
        "4": "-ly, -like"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -lijk (“-ly, -like”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-like<id:adjectival><ety:inh<ang:-līċ>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *leyg-der.\nProto-Germanic *līkąder.\nProto-Germanic *-līkaz\nProto-West Germanic *-līk\nOld English -līċ\nMiddle English -like\nEnglish -like"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*leyg-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyg-#Proto-Indo-European:_like"
    ],
    [
      "*līką",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/līką"
    ],
    [
      "*-līkaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-līkaz"
    ],
    [
      "*-līk",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-līk"
    ],
    [
      "-līċ",
      "-lic#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "-like",
      "-like#Middle_English:_adjectival"
    ],
    [
      "-like",
      "-like#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-lik",
      "-lik#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "like",
      "like#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "lik",
      "lik#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "ġelīc",
      "gelic#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "líkr",
      "líkr#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "like",
      "like#English"
    ],
    [
      "-ly",
      "-ly#English"
    ],
    [
      "-lijk",
      "-lijk#Dutch"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "suffix",
      "glosses": [
        "Resembling, having some of the characteristics of (used to form adjectives from nouns).",
        "Used to form adverbs from adjectives or nouns; alternative of -ly.",
        "Used to form genres out of existing games through the process of analogy."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "recordId": "f24beb1a582d5b7d1fa96cc94180ded706fce4a353c7a042499700ce7326e8ed",
      "rawRecordSha256": "472491823251e3d54917027af7db0ea4f75f946cce8f7d05e7e5419f8ab54976",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 216075
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
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    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for -like →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-LWxpa2U