Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗suffix
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryAn action or process, or the result of an action or process. · A state or condition.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin -ātiōlbor. Old French -ationbor. Middle English -acioun English -ation English -ion Reanalysed from -ation, -tion, from Middle French -tion, -cion, from Latin -tiō. By surface analysis, this suffix is added to verbs derived from Latin perfect participle stems.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ation",
"id": "-ation",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ion\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-tiHō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-Hō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-tiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ātiō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-acioun\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ation\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ion\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"-ation\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ion\" id=\"English:_-ation\">"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-tion"
},
"expansion": "Middle French -tion"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-tiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin -tiō"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ation",
"id": "-ation",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-tis\nProto-Indo-European *-Hō\nProto-Indo-European *-tiHō\nProto-Italic *-tiō\nLatin -tiō\nLatin -ātiōlbor.\nOld French -ationbor.\nMiddle English -acioun\nEnglish -ation\nEnglish -ion"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*-tis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-tis"
],
[
"*-Hō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-Hō"
],
[
"*-tiō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-tiō"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"-ātiō",
"-atio#Latin"
],
[
"-ation",
"-ation#Old_French"
],
[
"-acioun",
"-acioun#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ation",
"-ation#English"
],
[
"Reanalysed",
"reanalysis"
],
[
"-ation",
"-ation#English"
],
[
"-tion",
"-tion#English"
],
[
"-tion",
"-tion#Middle_French"
],
[
"-cion",
"-cion#Middle_French"
],
[
"-tiō",
"-tio#Latin"
],
[
"surface analysis",
"surface analysis"
],
[
"perfect participle",
"perfect participle"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "suffix",
"glosses": [
"An action or process, or the result of an action or process.",
"A state or condition."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"uncountable"
],
"recordId": "1f7409089b99c3d8d470eabf586614639c21c9c936588141823a1a5ae8e28683",
"rawRecordSha256": "a6e6c58d8fb5602d0419f29a0c33c14461dbf5654316d1ffe6709aa42d1b0c16",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 319017
}
],
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}
}