*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of -id

Borrowed from Middle French -ide m, from Latin -idēs m (patronymic suffix; plural: -idae), from Ancient Greek -ίδης m (-ídēs, patronymic suffix; plural: -ίδαι (-ídai)).

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
suffix

Forming the names of dynasts, being suffixed to the name of their progenitors and meaning “descendant of”. · Forming the common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae. · Forming the names of cusps or other features of lower (mandibular) teeth. · Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Borrowed from Middle French -ide m, from Latin -idēs m (patronymic suffix; plural: -idae), from Ancient Greek -ίδης m (-ídēs, patronymic suffix; plural: -ίδαι (-ídai)).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "bor+",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "-ide",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Middle French -ide m"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-idēs",
        "g": "m",
        "pos": "patronymic suffix; plural: <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"la\">-idae</i>"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -idēs m (patronymic suffix; plural: -idae)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "-ίδης",
        "g": "m",
        "pos": "patronymic suffix; plural: <i class=\"Polyt mention nowrap\" lang=\"grc\">-ίδαι</i> (-ídai)"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ίδης m (-ídēs, patronymic suffix; plural: -ίδαι (-ídai))"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "-ide",
      "-ide#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "-idēs",
      "-ides#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "-ίδης",
      "-ίδης#Ancient_Greek"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "suffix",
      "glosses": [
        "Forming the names of dynasts, being suffixed to the name of their progenitors and meaning “descendant of”.",
        "Forming the common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae.",
        "Forming the names of cusps or other features of lower (mandibular) teeth.",
        "Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "recordId": "0d3766fff15a48918fba5de5d2f495a6e5cd15f6b10b92a8eb469ffab2edd1a5",
      "rawRecordSha256": "89da5dc1235e17a4c7c62a09fd025c8322d3c4d861511542618821fb2426d51c",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 216082
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
suffix

Forming names of feminine equivalents or of feminine descendants from a masculine name. · Forming the names of epic poems. · Forming common names of meteors from their apparent constellation of origin.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Borrowed from Middle French -ide f, from Latin -is f (genitive: -idis; plural: -ides), from Ancient Greek -ῐς f (-ĭs) (genitive: -ῐδος (-ĭdos); plural: -ῐδες (-ĭdes)).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Borrowed-form mention-idefrm
  • Derivation mention-isla
  • Derivation mention-ῐςgrc
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "bor+",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "-ide",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Middle French -ide f"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-is",
        "id": "noun",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -is f"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "-ῐς",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ῐς f (-ĭs)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "-ide",
      "-ide#Middle_French"
    ],
    [
      "-is",
      "-is#Latin:_noun"
    ],
    [
      "-ῐς",
      "-ις#Ancient_Greek"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "suffix",
      "glosses": [
        "Forming names of feminine equivalents or of feminine descendants from a masculine name.",
        "Forming the names of epic poems.",
        "Forming common names of meteors from their apparent constellation of origin."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "recordId": "40029c2938667d1357fa363e8ac6868ebc61e44282bf185ded2a0d0d0656f6a7",
      "rawRecordSha256": "ca492cd0cb549490d105946dfe32e40309c98201ab0250c3667ec2f87bea74f8",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 216083
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
suffix

of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Variant of -oid.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-oid<id:resembling>",
        "id": "pertaining to"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-oid\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"connective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"connective\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ο-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-o-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"form\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"seeing\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"see\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*weyd-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*wéydos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*wéidos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"εἶδος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ēs\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ēs\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ης\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ειδής\", \"gloss\" : \"-oid, -like\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-oīdēs\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-oid\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-id\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"pertaining to\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-id\" id=\"English:_pertaining_to\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "from",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-oid"
      },
      "expansion": "-oid"
    },
    {
      "name": "etymon",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-oid<id:resembling>",
        "id": "pertaining to"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "-oid",
      "-oid#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "suffix",
      "glosses": [
        "of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "recordId": "cef147306274a979ef8f3e76f09028e417b68b993e223a4a5bbe12e082602c01",
      "rawRecordSha256": "f6d42d3b7c944bec6eb517d932d9d93c7d6664e1d47d5635f7a9f2e5bda327bd",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 216084
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for -id →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-LWlk