Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗possession of · presence of a quality in any degree (typically an abundance) · relation or pertinence to · Used in chemical nomenclature to name chemical compounds in which a specified chemical element has a lower oxidation number than in the equivalent compound whose name ends in the suffix -ic. For example sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) has more oxygen atoms per molecule than sulphurous acid (H₂SO₃). See Inorganic nomenclature.
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.? Proto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos? Old Latin -ōssus Latin -ōsus Old French -usbor. Middle English -ous English -ous From Middle English -ous, from Old French -ous, -os, -us, from Latin -ōsus (“full of”). Doublet of -ose and -wise in unstressed position. Many English adjectives ending in -ous were taken from preexisting French or Latin adjectives that end in one of the above suffixes (e.g. envious corresponds directly to Old French envious which in turn corresponds directly to Latin invidiōsus). In addition, -ous (or the variant form -ious) has at times been attached to English nouns to form derived adjectives that lack precedents in French or Latin, such as slumberous from slumber or blizzardous from blizzard. It has also been used in some cases as a means of adapting adjectives borrowed from Latin that originally ended simply in -us, -a, -um (for example, obvious and previous are derived from Latin obvius and praevius, not *obviōsus or *praeviōsus).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-ous",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ŏ̄dsos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₃édos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"smell\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃ed-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōssus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōsus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-ous\">"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-ous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -ous"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ous"
},
"expansion": "Old French -ous"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ōsus",
"t": "full of"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ōsus (“full of”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ose",
"3": "-wise"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ose and -wise"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-ous",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*h₃ed-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ed-#Proto-Indo-European:_smell"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"-ōssus",
"-ossus#Latin"
],
[
"-ōsus",
"-osus#Latin"
],
[
"-us",
"-us#Old_French"
],
[
"-ous",
"-ous#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ous",
"-ous#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ous",
"-ous#Old_French"
],
[
"-os",
"-ous#Old_French"
],
[
"-us",
"-ous#Old_French"
],
[
"-ōsus",
"-osus#Latin"
],
[
"-ose",
"-ose#English"
],
[
"-wise",
"-wise#English"
],
[
"envious",
"envious#English"
],
[
"envious",
"envious#Old_French"
],
[
"invidiōsus",
"invidiosus#Latin"
],
[
"-ious",
"-ious#English"
],
[
"slumberous",
"slumberous#English"
],
[
"slumber",
"slumber#English"
],
[
"blizzardous",
"blizzardous#English"
],
[
"blizzard",
"blizzard#English"
],
[
"obvious",
"obvious#English"
],
[
"previous",
"previous#English"
],
[
"obvius",
"obvius#Latin"
],
[
"praevius",
"praevius#Latin"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "suffix",
"glosses": [
"possession of",
"presence of a quality in any degree (typically an abundance)",
"relation or pertinence to",
"Used in chemical nomenclature to name chemical compounds in which a specified chemical element has a lower oxidation number than in the equivalent compound whose name ends in the suffix -ic. For example sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) has more oxygen atoms per molecule than sulphurous acid (H₂SO₃). See Inorganic nomenclature."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"recordId": "38143b5554fa69d80cd89206deacbdad64ce9d3b1fe1e9aa64730412ec29cd17",
"rawRecordSha256": "c1383a9f08f2d1ee3b16d0ad52244db64b2909b6c56b0c714d02849f33a1fe8f",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 182065
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 0,
"glosses": 0
}
}