*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of -man

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *mon- Proto-Germanic *mann- Proto-West Germanic *mann Old English mann Middle English man Middle English -man English -man From Middle English -man, from the noun man.

1 source sectionExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
suffix

Someone (possibly implied male) who is an expert in an area or who takes part in an activity. · Someone (possibly implied male) who is employed or holds a position in an area. · Someone (possibly implied male) who has special characteristics relating to a topic or area. · Someone (possibly implied male) who has a particular nationality.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *mon- Proto-Germanic *mann- Proto-West Germanic *mann Old English mann Middle English man Middle English -man English -man From Middle English -man, from the noun man.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mention-manenm

This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-man<ety:from<enm:man>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nOld English mann\nMiddle English man\nMiddle English -man\nEnglish -man\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"mann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"man\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-man\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-man\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-man\">"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-man"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -man"
    },
    {
      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:-man<ety:from<enm:man>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nOld English mann\nMiddle English man\nMiddle English -man\nEnglish -man"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "*mon-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mon-"
    ],
    [
      "*mann-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mann-"
    ],
    [
      "*mann",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/mann"
    ],
    [
      "mann",
      "mann#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "man",
      "man#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-man",
      "-man#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "-man",
      "-man#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "man",
      "man#Middle_English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Sranan Tongo",
      "lang_code": "srn",
      "word": "-man"
    },
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "word": "-man",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "word": "マン",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "roman": "-man"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "-mon",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "suffix",
      "glosses": [
        "Someone (possibly implied male) who is an expert in an area or who takes part in an activity.",
        "Someone (possibly implied male) who is employed or holds a position in an area.",
        "Someone (possibly implied male) who has special characteristics relating to a topic or area.",
        "Someone (possibly implied male) who has a particular nationality."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "recordId": "27c1f4e6af5b696ad817c025049431096ceeda9fc864736e864b9ec335644539",
      "rawRecordSha256": "3bbe2e79acae86bba7eddf141422310c22cd752937fe8442a842da79d9bc5fcc",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 860391
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 2,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for -man →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-LW1hbg