*SET-U

CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD

COVERAGE LEDGER ↗
EDGE / 0954inheritanceestablished

A CLAIM
YOU CAN AUDIT.

A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.

CHILD / LATER FORM / attestedLatin · Latin · earth soil

humus

earth; soil

OPEN NODE 841 ↗
DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / reconstructedProto-Indo-European · Proto-Indo-European suffixed o-grade formation · earth o grade formation

*(dh)ghom-o-

earth; ground

OPEN NODE 957 ↗
01

THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP

EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE

SOUND CHANGE

Latin humus reflects the suffixed o-grade formation *(dh)ghom-o-.

SEMANTIC CHANGE

Earth and soil preserve the reconstructed meaning.

CHRONOLOGY

No separate chronology note is attached beyond the endpoint date ranges.

SCHOLAR / EDITORIAL AUTHORITY

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors

CONFIDENCE

established — no additional confidence note is attached.

EDITORIAL STATUS

reviewed

02

CITATION REGISTER

SOURCES ON THIS EDGE

S01
Indo-European Root: dhghem-dhghem- item 4: *(dh)ghom-o- to Latin humus and exhume

Publishes the exact Latin formation.

supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗
03

EDITORIAL REUSE

WHERE THIS CLAIM APPEARS

RELATION / 847exhume

humus → *(dh)ghom-o-

OPEN DOSSIER ↗RELATION / 884humiliate

humus → *(dh)ghom-o-

OPEN DOSSIER ↗RELATION / 905humiliation

humus → *(dh)ghom-o-

OPEN DOSSIER ↗RELATION / 894humility

humus → *(dh)ghom-o-

OPEN DOSSIER ↗