Greek káchlēx and its cited variants display alternations Beekes treats as substrate signals; no donor form is reconstructed.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗EDGE / 0395competing sourceproposed
A CLAIM
YOU CAN AUDIT.
A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.
κάχληξ
a shingle or pebble on a shoreline
OPEN NODE 427 ↗DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / boundaryBeyond secure reconstruction · undated Mediterranean substrate hypothesis · calculus common substrateUNKNOWN SUBSTRATE SOURCE
A possible non-Indo-European source shared by Latin calculus and Greek káchlēx
OPEN NODE 428 ↗01
THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP
EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE
The Greek shoreline-shingle word may share an unidentified source with Latin calculus.
No separate chronology note is attached beyond the endpoint date ranges.
Merriam-Webster editors summarizing Beekes
proposed — The alternations motivate a substrate hypothesis but do not identify a historical donor language or form.
reviewed
02
CITATION REGISTER
SOURCES ON THIS EDGE
Calculus — Word History and Etymology NoteEtymology note: káchlēx, kóchlax, áchlax, and substrate diagnostics
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Documents the Greek comparison and the alternations used to motivate the substrate analysis.
03
EDITORIAL REUSE