Middle High German long ī undergoes the later High German diphthongization represented by modern /aɪ̯/; noun capitalization and final spelling standardize as Feind.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗EDGE / 1167historical continuationestablished
A CLAIM
YOU CAN AUDIT.
A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.
Feind
enemy, adversary, hostile power, enemy force, or determined opponent
OPEN NODE 1183 ↗DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / attestedMiddle High German · Middle High German · enemy middle high germanvīant
enemy or adversary
OPEN NODE 1184 ↗01
THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP
EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE
The inherited enemy or adversary noun remains available for personal, collective, military, and ideological opposition.
Middle High German through Early New High German into the modern written standard.
Dudenredaktion · Wolfgang Pfeifer
established — Both modern dictionaries explicitly give the Middle High German forms as the immediate historical stage; the edge does not assign one day to every spelling or sound transition.
reviewed
02
CITATION REGISTER
SOURCES ON THIS EDGE
Duden — FeindHerkunft and grammar
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Publishes Middle High German vīnt and vīant as the immediate historical stage behind modern Feind.
DWDS — Feind, etymology after Wolfgang PfeiferPfeifer etymology: Middle High German vīant, vīent, vīnt and modern Feind
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Independently supplies the historical continuation and modern opponent or adversary sense.
Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm — feind, m.Bd. 3, Sp. 1457–1460, headword and historical forms
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Documents the modern headword beside Middle High German vîent and vînt.
03
EDITORIAL REUSE