CLAIM / COUNTERCLAIM / LIMITRECORD 658
DISPUTE
RECORD.
One scholarly question. Every attached source. The present editorial state, without pretending the last word has been written.
resolvedestablished
Did cais mean only hatred?
No. eDIL explicitly says the noun is explained both as love and hate, gives love glosses such as serc and grádh, and cites passages translated with love or beloved.
WORD UNDER REVIEWDISPUTE 658
cais
not directly recoverable · Middle Irish noun
eDIL separates two Irish headwords written cais. The first, also recorded as caise, is explicitly explained both as love and as hate; its cited passages and glossary equations range from searc and grádh "love" to miscais and mioscais "hatred", with context deciding individual readings. One Éigse line is tentatively translated so that the same visible form occurs on both sides: "my love ... is met by hatred(?)". The question mark matters. The second eDIL headword cais means "eye" and is excluded from this semantic lineage. These records establish a remarkable lexicographic opposition, not one timeless essence, a chronology from love to hate, or proof that every occurrence belongs to one historically indivisible sense. John T. Koch compares the noun with Proto-Celtic *katsi- < *kad-t/si- and a wider *kad- family, but that ancestry and its proposed Germanic comparison remain open. eDIL itself generally supplies etymologies only selectively. No manuscript pixels were directly inspected, no earliest-use or historical-frequency claim is made, and no exact pronunciation is invented.
01DIRECT CLAIM EVIDENCE
1 SOURCES WITH A STANCE
A citation is not a vote. Each record says whether the work supports, challenges, contradicts, or contextualizes the position—and identifies the exact locus used.
SOURCE 01supportshistorical dictionary
eDIL — 1 cais, noun explained as both love and hate
Documents explicit love glosses and love-side citations.
Headword explanation; caisi serc; O'Cl. cais .i. grádh; RC xiii 221.4; O'R Poems 2141- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Royal Irish Academy · eDIL editors
- YEAR
- 2026
- PUBLISHER
- Royal Irish Academy
02 / EDITORIAL STATE
THE CURRENT RECORD IS RESOLVED.
- CONFIDENCE
- established
- STATUS
- resolved
- LEGACY SOURCE SUMMARY
- The entry heading, glossary equations, and located positive citations converge.
RESOLUTION NOTEThe dossier displays both semantic poles and cites each separately.